Etat Libre D'Orange

Founded in Paris in 2006 by Etienne de Swardt, Etat Libre d'Orange stands for consistently provocative niche perfumery beyond commercial conventions. The house collaborates with renowned perfumers such as Antoine Maisondieu and Ralf Schwieger - well-known fragrances include Putain des Palaces and Fils de Dieu. The name refers to de Swardt's South African heritage and symbolizes creative independence.